Foreigners intending to work in Vietnam must obtain a Vietnam Work Visa, classified as LD1 or LD2 depending on their employment status and work permit requirement.
📌 Types of Vietnam Work Visas
Visa Type | Description |
---|---|
LD1 | Issued to foreigners exempt from a work permit, as specified in international treaties or by Vietnamese law. |
LD2 | Issued to foreigners who must obtain a valid work permit to work in Vietnam. |
📅 Validity: Up to 2 years, aligned with the validity of the work permit. If the work permit is valid for less than a year, the visa duration will match.
⚖️ Legal Basis for Vietnam Work Visas
Vietnam Work Visa issuance is based on:
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Law No. 47/2014/QH13: Entry, exit, transit, and residence of foreigners in Vietnam
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Law No. 51/2019/QH14: Amendments to the above law
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Circular No. 04/2015/TT-BCA: Specimen papers for foreigners in Vietnam
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Decree No. 11/2016/ND-CP: Regulations on work permits for foreign workers
✅ How to Apply for a Vietnam Work Visa (Step-by-Step)
Step 1: Company Prepares Required Documents
The Vietnamese company (acting as sponsor) must submit:
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Business Registration Certificate / Investment License / Branch Office License
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Seal specimen certificate or declaration of seal use
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Form NA16 – Company representative signature/seal registration
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Form NA5 – Visa application/extension form
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One 3×4 cm photo of the foreigner
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Valid Work Permit or Work Permit Exemption Certificate
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Copy of the foreigner’s passport
Step 2: Submit Documents to Immigration Office
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Submit at the Vietnam Immigration Department or Provincial Immigration Office
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Pay visa processing and optional fax fee (if stamping at embassy abroad)
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Receive an appointment slip for result collection
🕐 Submission Days: Monday to Friday & Saturday morning
Step 3: Receive the Visa Approval Letter
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On the appointment date, the sponsor collects the visa letter from Immigration Office.
Step 4: Notify the Foreigner
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The company emails, faxes, or posts the visa approval letter to the foreign employee.
Step 5: Foreign Employee Gets Visa Stamped
At the Vietnamese Embassy/Consulate in their country, the foreigner submits:
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Form NA1 – Visa application form + photo
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Original passport (valid ≥ 6 months)
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Copy of the visa approval letter
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Visa stamping fee (as required by embassy)
⏱️ Processing Time
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5 working days from the date full documents are submitted to the Immigration Office.
🔍 Work Visa vs. Business Visa – What’s the Difference?
Criteria | Work Visa (LD) | Business Visa (DN) |
---|---|---|
Purpose | Employment with a Vietnamese company | Attend meetings, explore business opportunities |
Work Permit Required? | Yes (for LD2) | No |
Sponsor | Vietnamese company (employer) | Individual or organization (can be self-applied) |
Application | Done by company in Vietnam | Can be applied by the traveler |
Validity | Up to 2 years (based on permit) | Typically up to 90 days |
Extendable? | Yes | Limited |
Temporary Residence Card? | Can be applied | Not eligible |
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